Apparatus for arranging articles in a predetermined manner and method of making same

ABSTRACT

Randomly oriented articles of roughly equal size are arranged in a predetermined pattern employing an apparatus which comprises a device for receiving the articles and disposing same in at least one substantially rectilinear row and in a single layer thereof, an accumulator for receiving the articles from the row with the accumulator having a moving apparatus for moving the articles therethrough and a cooperating gate system for controlling the articles moving through the accumulator, and a collection device for collecting the articles from the accumulator wherein the gate system alone or cooperating with the moving apparatus provides improved control of any desired number of articles through the accumulator.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application is a continuation-in-part of copending U.S. applicationSer. No. 292,741 filed Aug. 14, 1981, which has issued into U.S. Pat.No. 4,421,222.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

This invention relates to an apparatus for arranging randomly orientedarticles of roughly equal size in a predetermined pattern and to amethod of making such apparatus.

2. Prior Art Statement

It is known in the art and as disclosed in the above-mentioned U.S. Pat.No. 4,421,222 to provide an apparatus for arranging randomly orientedarticles of roughly equal size in a predetermined pattern and whichcomprises, means for receiving the articles and disposing same in atleast one substantially rectilinear row and in a single layer thereof,an accumulator for receiving the articles from the row with theaccumulator having moving means for moving the articles therethrough andcooperating gate means for controlling the articles moved through theaccumulator and with the moving means and gate means being independentlydriven, and a collection device for collecting the articles from theaccumulator. However, in the above-mentioned apparatus, the accumulatorportion thereof does not provide control of articles in an optimummanner.

The need also exists in an apparatus of the above type to providesuitable gates which prevent what is referred to as a shingling ofarticles being processed therethrough. In addition, the need exists toprovide precise control in apparatus of the above type of any desiredplurality of articles in a more positive manner than has been proposedheretofore.

Thus, it is apparent that apparatus of the above type have deficiencies.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This invention provides an improved apparatus for arranging articles ofroughly equal size in a predetermined pattern and which overcomes theabove-mentioned deficiencies. In particular, such apparatus comprises adevice for receiving the articles and disposing same in at least onesubstantially rectilinear row and in a single layer thereof, anaccumulator for receiving the articles from the row with the accumulatorhaving moving means for moving the articles therethrough and cooperatinggate means for controlling the articles moved through the accumulatorand with the moving means and gate means being independently driven, anda collection device for collecting the articles from the accumulator.

In accordance with one embodiment of this invention the gate means ofthe above-mentioned improved apparatus comprises a mechanism supportedfor movement in an endless path with the mechanism being disposed aboveat least a portion of the accumulator, a plurality of gates carried bythe mechanism in spaced relation with a particular pitch betweenimmediately adjacent gates establishing a predetermined number of thearticles therebetween, and means for serially indexing the mechanism adistance equal to the pitch to thereby move a gate disposed immediatelyadjacent the collection device and thus allow movement of thepredetermined number of articles immediately upstream of the immediatelyadjacent gate out of the accumulator to the collection device.

In accordance with another embodiment of this invention an improvedapparatus is provided for arranging randomly oriented articles in apredetermined pattern and comprises a device for receiving the articlesand disposing same in at least one substantially rectilinear row and ina single layer thereof, an accumulator for receiving the articles andmoving a predetermined number thereof through the accumulator, and acollection device for collecting the articles from the accumulator; and,wherein the accumulator comprises moving means engaging top and bottomsurfaces of the articles and sandwiching same therebetween with themoving means serving to move the articles to the collection device andwith the accumulator having means for controlling the predeterminednumber of articles.

Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to provide an improvedapparatus of the character mentioned.

Another object of this invention is to provide an improved method ofmaking an apparatus of the character mentioned.

Other features, objects, uses, and advantages of this invention areapparent from a reading of this description which proceeds withreference to the accompanying drawings forming a part thereof.

The above-mentioned U.S. Pat. No. 4,421,222 is incorporated herein byreference thereto; however, in order that this disclosure will be selfsufficient and complete, the major portion of the text of suchapplication will be repeated herein.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings show present preferred embodiments of thisinvention, in which

FIG. 1 is an isometric view of an apparatus for receiving randomlyoriented articles in the form of frozen meat patties and stacking sucharticles in an aligned shingled relationship;

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the upstream end of the apparatus illustratedin FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the downstream end of the apparatus illustratedin FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an elevational view of the upstream portion of the apparatusas illustrated in FIG. 2 taken along the line 4--4 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is an elevational view of the apparatus as illustrated in FIG. 3taken along the line 5--5 in FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a view taken along the line 6--6 of FIG. 2 and illustratingthe interrelationship between a pair of rakes and frozen hamburgerpatties on the apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a view taken along the line 7--7 of FIG. 2 and illustratingseveral frozen meat patties being transported along a pair of convergingsurfaces with each pair of converging surfaces having both bottom andside conveyors;

FIG. 8 is a view taken along the line 8--8 of FIG. 2 and showing therelationship between the frozen meat patties, the bottom and sideconveyors, and a flexible drive belt;

FIG. 9 is a view taken along the line 9--9 of FIG. 3 showing one of thelanes of the frozen hamburger patties being transported by one set ofbottom and one set of side conveyors;

FIG. 10 is a view taken along the line 10--10 of FIG. 3 illustrating twosets of bottom and side conveyors and two flexible drive belts and theirrelationship to drive motors;

FIG. 11 is an isometric view of a modification of the downstream endportion of the apparatus of FIG. 1 showing a plurality of frozenhamburger patties being positioned upon a severed piece of paper;

FIG. 12 is a view taken along the line 12--12 of FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is an isometric view of another modification of the downstreamend portion of the apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 14 is a view taken along the line 14--14 of FIG. 13;

FIG. 15 is a view with parts in cross section, parts in elevation, andparts broken away taken along the line 15--15 of FIG. 13;

FIG. 16 is an enlarged view with parts broken away particularlyillustrating components shown in the central portion of the illustrationof FIG. 15;

FIG. 17 is an exploded isometric view of a typical gate comprising gatemeans of the apparatus as modified in FIG. 13;

FIG. 18 is a view illustrating a frozen hamburger patty as it enters atypical gate;

FIG. 19 is a view illustrating the gating action provided as the pattymoves through the gate;

FIG. 20 is an enlarged isometric view with parts in cross section, partsin elevation, and parts broken away particularly illustrating ahamburger patty halfway through a typical gate; and

FIG. 21 is a view taken essentially on the line 21--21 of FIG. 20.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The above-mentioned U.S. Pat. No. 4,421,222 is incorporated herein byreference thereto. Further, in order that this disclosure will beself-sufficient and complete, the major portion of the text of suchapplication will be repeated herein.

Referring now to the drawings and to FIG. 1 in particular, an apparatusfor receiving randomly oriented and spaced articles or workpieces of awide range of shapes and sizes is generally designated by the numeral10. The apparatus 10 is illustrated as receiving a multitude of articlesin the form of frozen hamburger patties collectively identified by thenumeral 12 from a first conveyor 14. While on the conveyor 14, thehamburger patties 12 are randomly spaced and oriented. This randomdistribution of patties on the conveyor 14 is illustrated in FIG. 2. Thefirst conveyor 14 transports the frozen patties 12 from left to right inthe depiction of FIGS. 1 and 2 and discharges the patties 12 onto asecond conveyor 16 which is aligned with the first conveyor 14.

Both the conveyors 14 and 16 are illustrated as driven about rollersrotatably secured within a hopper frame 18, conveyor 14 being drivenabout rollers 20 and 22 and conveyor 16 being driven about rollers 24and 26. The hopper frame 18 is designed to receive a large quantity ofpatties 12 for deposit on the conveyor 12. A first alignment means shownas a rake 28 is positioned about the second conveyor 16. This rake 28 isthe first of a series of devices for insuring that none of the pattiesthat reach the downstream end of the apparatus 10 are in a shingled oroverlying relationship and includes a rotatable drive shaft 30 extendingin a direction substantially parallel to the rollers 24 and 26 (as wellas rollers 20 and 22) with a plurality of axially spaced fingers 32extending radially therefrom. As best seen in FIG. 4, the radialextension of these fingers 32 terminates about the conveyor 16, theradial terminus of fingers 32 being spaced from belt 16 by apredetermined distance slightly in excess of the height of a singlefrozen pattie 12 lying flatly on the conveyor belt 16. In this way, anypatties that are lying atop or shingled upon another pattie 12 will bedislodged from that position to a position lying flatly upon theconveyor 16. It is also seen from arrow 34 in FIG. 4, that the rotationof fingers 32 is in the same direction as the conveyor belt 16 so thatthe underside of rake 28 moves in a direction that is generally oppositethat of the topside or working surface of conveyor belt 16.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show that the conveyors 14 and 16 and the rake 28 aredriven in timed relationship to each other. Motor drive 36 operatesthrough a gear box 38 to drive a gear 40 by way of a chain 42. The chain42 also rotates a gear 44 (see FIG. 1) which, in turn, rotates a gear 46which rotates the roller 26 through a chain 50 and a gear 52. The rake28 is driven by a chain 54 which joins a gear connected to its driveshaft 30 and a gear 56 affixed to the drive shaft of roller 26. Thehopper frame 18 is elevated above the ground by a vertical support 58.

Patties discharged from the conveyor 16 are dropped onto a thirdconveyor 60 which is supported on rollers 62 and 64. The rollers 62 and64 are rotatably secured in a weight basket 66 supported upon a frame68. The weight basket 66 senses the weight of its contents and, when thesensed weight exceeds a predetermined weight, limits furtheraccumulation of patties 12 on conveyor 60 by terminating upstreamoperation of conveyors 14 and 16 until such time as the accumulatedweight falls below the predetermined weight. Because the operation ofweight baskets is well known to those skilled in the art, a detaileddescription thereof will be omitted in the interests of brevity.

The frame 68, along with the vertical support 58 and the floor uponwhich both supports are resting, forms a base for the illustratedapparatus. The conveyor 60 is aligned with the conveyors 14 and 16 withthe rollers 62 and 64 having axes of rotation generally parallel to theaxes of rollers 20, 22, 24 and 26. Weight basket 66 also has a pair ofangularly oriented guides 69 and 70 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) converginglyangled in the downstream direction of the conveyor 60 and spacedintimately above the conveyor 60 so as to direct any patties on theouter edges of the conveyor belt 60 onto the inner portion thereof. Apair of rakes, similar to rake 28 above conveyor 16, are disposed aboveconveyor 60. The first of these two rakes, positioned above conveyor 60,is identified by the numeral 72 and includes a drive shaft 74 rotatablyjournaled in weight basket 66 and a plurality of finger-like projections76 extending radially outward from drive shaft 74. Like the fingers 32of rake 28, the radial terminus of fingers 76 are spaced from the topsurface of conveyor 60 by a distance slightly in excess of the height ofa single frozen pattie 12. The second of these two rakes above conveyor60 is downstream of the rake 72 and is identified by the numeral 78 andincludes a drive shaft 80 rotatably mounted in the weight basket 66 witha plurality of radially extending fingers 82. Also like the fingers ofrakes 28 and 32 before it, fingers 82 terminate above the conveyor 60 bya distance slightly in excess of the height of a single frozen pattie12. Like rake 28, rakes 72 and 78 serve to dislodge any stacked orshingled patties and to position all of the patties 12 flatly upon thetop of the conveyor belt (conveyor belt 60 in the case of rakes 72 and78).

As will be best appreciated from a viewing of FIG. 4, the variousconveyors 14, 16 and 60, as well as rakes 32, 72 and 78, create acascading effect in which the quantity of workpieces or patties 12 isgradually and progressively reduced and the control over the patties andtheir distribution is gradually and progressively increased. Such agradual and progressive multi-step operation has proven to be mosteffective. By the time the frozen patties 12 have traveled beneath thethree rakes 28, 72 and 78, any stacked or shingled patties 12 shouldhave been eliminated and all of the patties should be flatly lying onthe conveyor belt 60.

Patties discharged from the conveyor 60 over roller 64 are dropped intoone of a pair of obliquely oriented (with respect to the horizontal)V-shaped downwardly converging configurations 84 and 86. These V-shapedsurfaces are shown most clearly in FIGS. 1, 2 and 7. The V-shapedsurfaces 84 have an angularly disposed interior surface 88 which adjoinsan angular surface 90 of V-shaped surfaces 86 at an apex 92 formed atthe interface of the surfaces 88 and 90. Each of the surfaces 88 and 90has a mating and angularly disposed surface with which the surfaces 88and 90 cooperatively form a V-shaped configuration, surface 94cooperating with surface 88 to form the V-shaped configuration 84 andsurface 96 cooperating with surface 90 to form the V-shapedconfiguration 86. Columnar supports 98 and 100 (FIG. 7) extend upwardlyfrom the frame 68 to support the V-shaped converging surfaces 86 and 84respectively.

Each of the surfaces 88, 90, 94 and 96 has a transport conveyor beltwhich is substantially co-planar with their interior surfaces. Conveyor102 being substantially co-planar with surface 88 and conveyor 104 beingsubstantially co-planar with surface 90. Similarly, the outer surfaces94 and 96 have conveyor surfaces which are virtually co-planartherewith. Conveyor 106 is virtually co-planar with outer surface 94 anda surface of conveyor 108 is virtually co-planar with a surface ofsurface 96. For reasons which will be apparent in the followingdescription, conveyors 102 and 104 will be identified as "bottom"conveyors for purposes of description while conveyors 106 and 108 willbe identified as "side" conveyors.

As illustrated in the depiction of FIG. 7, when the patties 12 fall intothe V-shaped configurations 84 and 86, they may be resting against theinside surface and belts 102 or 104 or the inside surface and belts 106and 108 or both. It will also be seen from FIG. 7 that the innersurfaces 88 and 90 as well as their respective conveyors 102 and 104serve to limit downward gravity biased sliding movement of workpieces onthe outer surfaces 94 and 96 so as to stop the downward sliding movementof a workpiece at a position on the conveyors 106 and 108. The same istrue of outer surfaces 94 and 96 and their respective conveyors 106 and108 with respect to inner surfaces 88 and 90. In other words, a pattie12 sliding down obliquely oriented surface 88 will have its gravitybiased sliding movement terminated by surface 94 and conveyor 106. Atthis terminating position, the pattie 12 will be resting againstconveyor 102.

The illustrated embodiment is designed to orient all of the patties 12so as to lie against the bottom belts 102 and 106 on the inside surfaces88 and 90. In order to achieve this desired orientation, the outsidesurfaces 94 and 96 each have a pair of workpiece alignment means in theform of finger-like guide projections angularly extending toward themating surface in a downstream direction. Finger guides 110 and 112extend outwardly from the surface 94 into the path of any pattie 12lying against the outer surface 94 or belt surface 106 or resting uponboth of the inner and outer surfaces 88 and 94 or both of the belts 102and 106. When the patties 12, in any of these orientations, engage thefinger-like projection guides 110 or 112, the patties 12 are flipped andforced to resume an orientation in which they are flatly lying againstthe inner surfaces 88 and 90 and against the belts 102 and 104 inparticular. Patties lying flatly against the conveyor belts 102 and 104pass by the fingers 110 and 112 unimpeded. Two different finger guides110 and 112 are used so as to engage patties of several differentorientations as they pass by guides within the V-shaped configurations84 and 86.

Outer surface 96 has two fingers 114 and 116 which extend into theV-shaped opening 86 and which are similar to the fingers 110 and 112 onsurface 94 except that they are symetrically arranged with respectthereto. The operation of these fingers 114 and 116 is identical to thatof fingers 110 and 112 with the fingers 114 and 116 forcing orientationof the patties against the surface of bottom conveyor belt 104.

After passing by the fingers 110 and 112 and 114 and 116, all of thepatties are lying flatly against the conveyor belts 102 and 104. Theseconveyor belts 102 and 104, however, are convoluted or partiallyspiraled so as to change planes downstream of the fingers 110, 112, 114,and 116 to an orientation that is substantially horizontal. In thedownstream horizontal orientation, the conveyor belts 102 and 104 arelocated directly beneath the frozen patties 12 and the gravity biasexerted on the patties no longer urges the patties to the sides of theconveyor belts 103 and 104. Nevertheless, side conveyors 106 and 108 arealso partially spiraled and remain in substantially perpendicularrelationship to the conveyors 102 and 104. This parallel partialspiraling of the side conveyors 106 and 108 prevent the workpieces 12from sliding off the bottom conveyors during the transition tohorizontal orientation. It is because the conveyors 102 and 104 arebeneath and the conveyors 106 and 108 beside the patties 12 that theyare termed "bottom" and "side" conveyors respectively for purposes ofdescription. The bottom and side conveyors 102, 104 and 106, 108 travelat approximately twice the nominal rate of conveyor 60 within weightbasket 66. This disparity with the speed of conveyor 60 results in largeand random spaces between the patties on the upstream end of angledconveyors 102, 104, 106 and 108.

A flexible cleated belt is positioned above each of the belts 102 and104 as they begin their transition from the oblique orientation withinthe V-shaped configuration of surfaces 84 and 86 to the substantiallyhorizontal downstream relationship described above. Cleated belt 120 ispositioned above the conveyor belt 102 and cleated belt 122 ispositioned above the conveyor belt 104, both of these cleated belts 120and 122 being rotated with linear velocities in excess of the linearvelocity of the respective conveyor belts 102 and 104 disposed beneaththe cleated belts 120 and 122. Further, the cleated belts 120 and 122are rotated in a direction that is opposite that of the conveyor belts102 and 104. Consequently, the underside (which constitutes the workingsurface) of belts 120 and 122 of the cleated belts 120 and 122 and thetopside (which is the working surface) of conveyor belts 102 and 104 areproximally located with respect to each other and travel in the samelinear direction.

The cleated belts 120 and 122 are preferably highly flexible and have aplurality of outwardly projecting cleats 124. The belts 120 and 122 arealso spaced above the conveyor belts 102 and 104 by a distance slightlyin excess of the spacing of a single frozen pattie 12. In the event thata pattie 12 manages to survive the series of rakes 28, 74 and 80, aswell as the fingers 110, 112 or 114 and 116 in a stacked or shingledrelationship to another pattie, the uppermost of the stacked or shingledpatties will be engaged by the cleats 124 on one of the flexible belts120 and 122. When the top one of a pair of stacked or shingled pattiesis engaged by the cleats 124 of belts 120 and 122, one of the belts 120or 122 advances that top pattie at a speed that is greater than that ofthe bottom belts 102 or 104. Due to the disparity in speeds between thebelts 102, 104, 106 and 108 on one hand and conveyor 60 on the otherhand, there is, as mentioned above, a large spacing between the patties12 on belt 102 or 104 as they commence their interaction with thecleated belts 120 and 122. As a shingled or overlayed pattie isaccelerated with respect to its underlying pattie, it is relocated inone of these large spacings. The cleated belts 120 and 122 thuseliminate any stacked or shingled patties that may have passed beneaththe rakes or fingers upstream or which may have developed in thedownstream travel therefrom.

The cleated belts 120 and 122 are supported above the top surface ofconveyor belts 102 and 104 by a pair of pulleys 126 and 128 aboveconveyor belt 104 and a pair of pulleys 130 and 132 above conveyor belt102. These pulleys are, in turn, rotatably supported by a pair of angledsupports 134 and 136 and a pair of columnar supports 138 and 140, withangled supports 134 and 136 supporting pulleys 126 and 130 respectivelyand columnar supports 138 and 140 supporting pulleys 128 and 132respectively. As most clearly shown in FIG. 8, the angled supports 136and 138 extend upwardly from the frame 68. Although not as clearlyillustrated in the drawings, the columnar supports 138 and 140 similarlyextend upwardly from the frame 68.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, cleated belts 120 and 122 are driven by amotor 142 which rotatably powers a drive shaft 144, to pulleys 128 and132 by way of a chain drive 146. A motor 148 drives the conveyor belts102 and 104 through a common drive shaft 150 and a chain drive 152. Asfurther seen from the depiction of FIG. 10, the side conveyors aredriven off of drive shaft 150 through angled gear boxes, side conveyor106 being driven through angled gear box 154 and side conveyor 108 beingdriven through angled gear box 156.

FIGS. 8 and 9 show that the bottom (102 and 104) and side (106 and 108)conveyors are engaged at their intermediate portions by support rollers.FIG. 8 shows the underside of the top portion of conveyor belt 102 beingengaged by support roller 158 and the inner surface of the outer portionof side conveyor 106 being engaged by support roller 160. Both of thesupport rollers 158 and 160 are rotatably mounted to an angle support162 which is supported above the frame 68 by a columnar support 164.Similarly, the underside of the top portion of conveyor belt 104 isengaged by support roller 166 and the inner surface of the outer portionof side conveyor 108 is engaged by support roller 168. The supportrollers 166 and 168 are both rotatably mounted to angle support 170which is rigidly mounted atop a columnar support 172 extending upwardfrom the frame 68.

While transported by the bottom conveyors 102 and 104, the patties 12are irregularly and unpredictably spaced from each other. A queuing oraccumulation conveyor 186 or 194 is thus used to arrange the patties 12in a regulated end to end relationship. Frozen patties discharged fromthe bottom conveyors 102 and 104 are directed into guide chutes 176 and178. Each of these guide chutes are formed from a pair of horizontalside guides and a vertical guide positioned over a queuing oraccumulation conveyor 186 or 194. Guide chute 176 consists of horizontalside guides 180 and 182 which are horizontally spaced by a distanceslightly in excess of the diameter of one of the frozen patties 12. Avertical guide 184 is equally spaced between the side guides 180 and 192and is vertically spaced above the conveyor by a distance exceeding thevertical height of one of the patties. The guide chute 176 is positionedabove the queuing or accumulation conveyor 186. Similarly, guide chute178 includes horizontal side guides 188 and 190 and vertical guide 192.The guide chute 178 is positioned above the queuing or accumulationconveyor 194.

When directed into one of the guide chutes 176 and 178, the first of aplurality of patties 12 are advanced along respective conveyors 186 and194 until such time as the first of these patties engates a spool gate,spool gate 196 being disposed at the downstream end of guide chute 176and spool gate 198 being disposed at the downstream end of guide chute178. When the first pattie so engages the spool gate, downstreammovement of that pattie 12 on the conveyor belt 186 or 194 is terminatedand relative movement between that pattie 12 and the subjacent conveyorbelt 186 or 194 moving underneath commences.

Downstream movement of a second of a plurality of patties 12 continuesuntil it engages the first pattie at which time the second pattie isheld stationary by the first while the conveyor belt 186 or 194continues to move beneath the pattie. This process continues until suchtime as a predetermined number of patties is queued in an accumulatedend to end relationship in the chute. When a counter 200 or 202indicates a count equal to this predetermined number, a pair ofcylinders are activated to lift one of the spool gates 196 or 198.Counter 200 is positioned on chute 176 and is advanced one increment byeach pattie 12 passing through chute 176 and counter 202 is positionedon chute 178 and is incrementally advanced by each pattie 12 passingthrough the chute 178.

After the counters 200 and 202 have reached a predetermined count (fivein the illustrated embodiment of FIGS. 1-10), the cylinders associatedwith the counter reaching that count are activated to lift correspondingspool gates 196 or 198. Cylinders 204 and 206 are attached to the endsof spool gate 196 and responsive to counter 200. Similarly cylinders 208and 210 are affixed to the ends of the spool gate 198 and are responsiveto counter 202.

The lifting of spool gates 196 or 198 permits the queue of patties 12collected in end to end relationship behind the spool gate 196 or 198 tobe discharged onto collection belts 212 or 214. FIG. 5 shows thecollection belt 212 rotatably mounted on rollers 216 and 218, both ofwhich are rotatably secured to the frame 68. A motor 220 drives a shaft222 which is joined to a roller 224 driving the conveyors 186 and 194 byway of a chain drive 226. Roller 218 of conveyor 212 is driven off shaft222 through a sprocket 228 affixed to shaft 222, a chain drive 230 and asprocket 232 affixed to shaft 234, which chain drive and sprockets drivethe roller 218. A corresponding driving roller 236 for collection belt214 is driven likewise. Since the sprocket 232 has a greater diameterthan that of sprocket 228, the collection belts 212 and 214 are moved ata rate which is slower than the rate of conveyor belts 186 and 194. Themovement of the conveyors 186, 194 and 212, 214 are thus in timedrelationship to each other. Due to the disparity in the speeds of thebelts 186 and 194 on one hand and 212 and 214 on the other hand, thepatties 12 are presented in a straight shingled (or overlapped) fashionon the collection belts 212 and 214. This arrangement is highlypredictable and orderly and permits an operator standing alongside theconnection belts 212 and 214 to quickly grasp the shingled collectionand to place all of the shingled patties 12 in a container for shipment.

Reference is now made to FIGS. 11 and 12 for a detailed description ofthe modification of the downstream portion of the apparatus depicted inFIGS. 1-10. In this modification or modified version of the apparatus,the bottom conveyors 102 and 104 are discharged onto queuing conveyors240 and 242, which are both supported upon rollers 246 and 248, therollers 246 and 248 being rotatably mounted to the frame 68. A pair ofqueuing or accumulation chutes 250 and 252 are constructed similar tothe previously described chutes 176 and 178, excepting that they areconvergingly directed in the downstream direction to bring the patties12 in side-by-side relationship at the downstream end of the chutes 250and 252. The queuing chutes are positioned above the respective queuingconveyors 240 and 242 and received patties discharged from bottomconveyors 102 or 104.

Spool gates 254 and 256 are positioned at the downstream end of thechutes 250 and 252. Unlike the spool gates 128 and 132 of FIGS. 1-10,the spool gates 254 and 256 are joined together and secured upon theirend portions by a swingable support. This swingable support includes twoarms 258 and 260 which are rigidly attached to a rotatable shaft 262.When counter 264 mounted on chute 252 reaches a predetermined count, acylinder 266 is actuated to pull down a lever arm 268. The lever arm 268is rigidly attached to the rotatable shaft 262 and downward movement ofa piston within cylinder 266 effectuates an upwardly arcuate movement ofspool gates 254 and 256. When the spool gates 254 and 256 are so moved,the accumulated queue of patties 12, which have collected behind thegates 254 and 256, are released and discharged onto a plurality ofspaced and aligned collection conveyors 270 extending beyond the queuingor accumulation conveyors 240 and 242. A sheet of paper 276 isinterposed between the collection conveyors 270 and the patties 12. Thissheet 276 is advanced from paper roll 278 and is severed by a set ofknife blades 280 positioned between the paper roll 278 and thecollection conveyor 270.

The queuing or accumulation conveyors 240 and 242, as well as thecollection conveyor 270, are driven by a motor 282 which drives a shaft284. The shaft 284 drives the rollers 248 and the conveyors 240 and 242.A sprocket 286 transmits the rotary power between motor 282 and shaft284. A further sprocket 288 affixed to shaft 284 transmits the receivedpower through a drive chain 290 on a further sprocket 292. This furthersprocket 292 is affixed to a drive shaft 294 which powers the roller 272of the collection conveyor 270. Since the sprockets 288 and 292 are ofthe same diameter, conveyors 240 and 242 travel at the same speed ascollection conveyors 270. There are four collection conveyors 270 in theillustrated embodiment of FIG. 11. These four conveyors 270a, 270b, 270cand 270d are parallel to each other and spaced by a distance 277 whichis substantially less than the diameter of the patties 12. Further, eachof the spaced conveyors 270a, 270b, 270c and 270d is supported on itsdischarge end by a pulley 273, which is, in turn, rotatably supported bya pair of flat plates 275. Each pair of flat plates is cantileveredoutwardly so as to leave the axial spacings 277 free of obstructions.These unobstructed axial spacings 277 permit a forklike liftinginstrument to be positioned beneath the pattie carrying sheet of paper276 from the discharge end of the conveyors for quick or automatedremoval of the patties 12 and paper 276 for packaging. When removed fromthe collection conveyors 270, the patties 12 are uniformly spaced inside-by-side aligned relationship with each other atop the sheet ofpaper 276 for placement into a shipping box 296. An operator standingalongside the collection conveyor 270 merely picks up the paper 276 withthe orderly arrangement of patties 12 thereon and stacks the paper andpatties in the box 296 for shipment. Alternatively, an automated pieceof equipment may remove and package the predictably arranged patties 12and paper 276.

Reference is now made to FIGS. 13 through 21 of the drawings whichillustrate another modification of the apparatus of this invention andsuch modification is presented to describe what will be referred to as amodified accumulator of the apparatus 10 and the modified accumulatorwill be designated by the reference numeral 300. The accumulator 300 maybe used interchangeably with the previously described accumulatorportions of the apparatus 10 as will be apparent from the followingdescription.

In the modified apparatus 10 as shown in FIGS. 13-21, articles orhamburger-type patties move from the upstream end of the machine throughwhat will be referred to as an unscrambler portion 302 of such machine;and, the patties are moved by bottom conveyors 102 and 104 and sideconveyors 106 and 108, as previously described. The belts 102 and 104are driven by common shaft 304, and the side conveyors 106 and 108 aredriven by the shaft 304 through the previously described angled gearboxes 154 and 156 respectively.

As the patties exit the unscrambler portion 302 of the apparatus 10 asensing mechanism 306 comprised of a pair of switches each designated bythe same reference numeral 308 detect or ascertain the height of a pattypassing therebeneath. If two or more patties are present in stackedrelation each switch 308 actuates suitable controls in an accumulatorfeed device 310 in a manner now to be described. The accumulator feeddevice 310 is comprised of a belt assembly 312 disposed in a downwardlyinclined relation so that any patties falling thereon will be conveyedinto a bin or receptacle 314 disposed therebeneath.

As seen in FIG. 14, the assembly 312 consists of a plurality of spacedpulleys 316 and the pulleys 316 have belts 318 disposed therearound suchthat the top portions of the belts 318 are disposed in a substantiallycommon plane and in a downwardly inclined relation toward the bin 314.The belts 318 are typical polymeric belts of circular cross section andmay have suitable reinforcing cords therein, as is known in the art. Forsimplicity, the belts 318 will be referred to as O-ring belts. The belts318 comprising the belt assembly 312 are driven by a drive motor 320through a common shaft 322 disposed at the lower end of the assembly312.

The accumulator feed device 310 also has two sets of O-ring belts 324each consisting of a belt 326 which is adapted to be operated in anendless path at a fixed position and a movable belt 328 which is adaptedto have one end portion thereof moved toward and away from itsassociated belt 326 as shown by the double arrow 330 in FIG. 14, forexample. Each movable belt 328 has a pulley 331 which is movable by anactuator, in the form of an actuating cylinder 332, toward and away fromits associated belt 326. Each pulley 331 is rotatably mounted on anaxially extensible and retractable shaft of its cylinder 322. The belts326 and 328 are moved as will be described later to move patties 12through the feed device 310.

Having described the components of the feed device 310, the descriptionwill now proceed with a description of the operation of device 310.Accordingly, each switch 308 is electrically connected, by any suitablemeans known in the art and not shown, such that if a switch 308ascertains that the height of a patty passing therebeneath is too high,i.e., two or more patties are disposed in stacked relation, the switch308 actuates its associated cylinder 332 causing the belt pulley 331operatively associated with such cylinder 332 to be moved such that theupstream portion of its belt 328 is moved a substantial distance awayfrom its associated belt 326 and as is shown at 334 in FIG. 14 wherebypatties riding on the top flights of O-ring belts 326 and 328 drop bygravity through the opening provided at 334 onto the belt assembly 312whereby the dropped patties are moved into the bin 314. Once the bin 314is filled with patties 12 it is carried to the upstream end of theapparatus 10 and the patties are again introduced into such apparatus 10for processing, as previously described. It will also be appreciatedthat other switch means, shown schematically by an arrow 335 in FIG. 13,may also be provided to actuate the cylinders 332 in the event there aretoo many patties approaching the accumulator 300 to thereby assure thatthe accumulator 300 operates in the proper manner and without likelihoodof jamming.

From the above description, it is seen that the apparatus 10 providesmeans for arranging randomly oriented articles of roughly equal size ina predetermined pattern and comprises means for receiving the pattiesand disposing same in at least one substantially rectilinear row and ina single layer thereof; and, such means in this modification of theinvention comprises the accumulator feed device 310 which cooperateswith the unscrambler portion 302 of the apparatus 10. In addition, inthe modification of the invention presently being described, means isprovided for receiving the articles 12 and disposing same in a pluralityof two substantially rectilinear rows of patties with each rowconsisting of a single layer thereof; and, the accumulator 300 isparticularly adapted to receive articles from each row and as shown at325, for example.

The accumulator 300 has moving means which will be designated generallyby the numeral 336, FIG. 13, for moving the patties 12 therethrough andcooperating gate means 338 for controlling the patties being movedthrough the accumulator 300. The moving means 336 and the gate means 338are independently driven, in a manner to be subsequently described; and,it will be seen that the apparatus 10 has a collection device 340 whichmay be similar to a collection device previously described, or may be amodification of such previously described collection device.

The collection device 340 comprises a conveyor assembly 341 (FIG. 15)which is adapted to receive patties 12 from each row; and, the assembly341 comprises a belt conveyor 342 which is carried by rollers 343 withthe downstream roller 343 being a driven roller. The collection device340 also comprises a web 344 of paper, or the like, unrolled from supplyroll 345 thereof. The paper 344 is initially introduced onto the beltconveyor 342 and patties 12 are then introduced on the paper 344. Inaddition, a cutting and supporting device (not shown) of any suitabletype known in the art is provided downstream of the assembly 341 forcutting the paper 344 away with the patties 12 supported on such paper344. It will be appreciated that any desired number of patties 12 may becut away together with the sheet 344 therebeneath. FIG. 11 illustrates asheet with six patties 12 thereon which has been cut away by the cuttingand supporting device mentioned above. The thus cut away patties andsheet may be further processed and/or packaged, as desired.

Referring now to FIGS. 15 and 16, it is seen that the gate means 338comprises a mechanism which is shown as an endless chain conveyor 346and is supported for movement in an endless path. The mechanism or chainconveyor 346 is disposed above at least a portion of the accumulator300; and, in this example of the invention the mechanism 346 extendsover substantially the major part of the central portion of theaccumulator 300.

The mechanism or chain conveyor 346 comprises a plurality of gates eachdesignated generally by the reference numeral 348, and the gates 348 arecarried by such mechanism in spaced relation with a particular pitch 350between immediately adjacent gates. The pitch 350 establishes apredetermined number of articles such as frozen meat, i.e., frozenhamburger, patties 12 between such immediately adjacent gates 348. Theapparatus 10 and in particular the accumulator 300 thereof has means 352serially indexing the mechanism or chain conveyor 346 a distance equalto the pitch 350 to thereby move the gate 348 which is disposedimmediately adjacent the collection device 340 and thus allow movementof the predetermined number of articles or patties immediately upstreamof such immediately adjacent gate out of the accumulator 300 to thecollection device 340--FIG. 13.

The accumulator 300 also comprises a cam structure 354 which is adaptedto actuate each of the gates 348 upon movement thereof thereagainst. Thecam structure 354 has cooperating cam surfaces which are adapted toengage associated surfaces on each gate 348 to provide actuationthereof.

Reference is now made to FIGS. 17, 18, and 19 of the drawings for adetailed description of a typical gate 348 and the description of thistypical gate is fully applicable to all gates 348. In particular, eachof the gates 348 comprises means enabling movement of the pattiestherepast and also providing a gating action upon being actuated by thecam structure 354, as previously described, or by a particular articleor patty 12, as will now be explained. The gating action by a particularpatty is defined as the gating action that would be provided by the lastpatty of the predetermined number of patties actuating the gate it hasjust moved past. The gating action serves to prevent movement past itsassociated gate 348 of the next article or patty 12 upstream thereof.

The means 352 for indexing the mechanism or chain conveyor 346 thedistance equal to the pitch 350 serves to move an exit gate, i.e., agate engaging the cam structure 354, away therefrom in the direction ofthe collection device 340 to thereby allow movement of a predeterminednumber of patties 12 immediately upstream of the exit gate out of theaccumulator 300 to the collection device 340. In the modifiedaccumulator of FIGS. 13-21 the predetermined number of pattiesassociated with each gate means 338 consists of three patties, as shownat 356 in FIG. 15.

The moving means 336 and the gate means 338 are independently driven aspreviously mentioned. However, such moving means 336 and gate means 338cooperate such that the moving means 336 serves to move the patties 12through the accumulator 300 to the collection device 340 during indexingof the mechanism or chain conveyor 346. The moving means 336 providescomparatively high speed movement of patties 12 as will be subsequentlydescribed. The gate means 338, in essence, selectively "holds back" thedesired number of patties between gates so that the gate meansultimately and efficiently controls the flow of patties 12 without anydelay from the moving means.

Each of the gates 348 comprising the gate means 338 is of uniqueconstruction and as will now be described in detail and with particularreference being made to the gate illustrated in FIG. 17 of the drawings.The description of the gate 348 of FIG. 17 is fully applicable to allgates 348. Accordingly, each gate 348 comprises a block, which may bereferred to as a slider or support block 358, and the block 358 isparticularly adapted to be slid along a cooperating pair of associatedsubstantially identical L-shaped slide rails 360 which support same forsliding movement--FIG. 20.

The rails 360 are suitably supported over the central portion of theaccumulator 300 and as will be readily apparent from FIGS. 15 and 16 ofthe drawings. The support block 358 is basically of I-shapedcross-sectional configuration and has substantially identical grooves362 on opposite sides thereof and the cooperating surfaces defining suchgrooves 362 are adapted to be engaged and supported by horizontallyextending legs of the L-shaped slide rails 360. The slide rails 360 aresupported in precise horizontal alignment over the central portion ofthe accumulator 300; and, the support block 358 is fastened to anassociated chain conveyor by threaded bolts 364 which extend through anassociated link of the chain conveyor 346 and through threaded openingsin the slider block 358.

The gate 348 has a roughly U-shaped bracket 366 which is detachablyfastened to the support block by a threaded bolt 368. The gate 348 alsohas a stop 370 for stopping movement of patties 12 therepast uponactuation thereof. The gate 348 also has a trigger 372 for actuating thestop 370 in a manner to be described in detail subsequently and means isprovided for supporting the stop 370 and trigger 372 on the bracket 366for pivoting movement. In this example such means is in the form of ashaft 374 which extends through a plurality of aligned openings 376 inthe bracket, 378 in the stop, and 380 in the trigger 372. The trigger372 is adapted to be operated by the last patty of the predeterminednumber of patties and by the cam structure 354, as previously described.

The trigger 372 comprises a plate 382 and an extension rod 384 which isfixed to the top surface of the plate and extends beyond an outer edgeof such plate 382. The rod 384, in essence, provides an extension of theplate and assures engagement of the last patty of the predeterminednumber of patties even when the patties vary in size. Further, the rod384 has its inner end portion fixed to the top surface of the triggerplate 382 and has an arcuate outer end 386 which curves away from thetrigger plate 382, with the trigger plate engaging a patty, and thearcuate outer end 386 assures that a patty is not stabbed by the outerend of the rod 384.

As previously mentioned, the means for supporting the stop 370 andtrigger 372 comprises means in the form of the common shaft 374 wherebythe stop 370 and trigger 372 are supported for pivoting movements aboutthe shaft 374. The gate 348 further comprises a spring 388 actingbetween the block 358 and the trigger plate 382; and, the spring 388normally yieldingly urges the stop 370 out of its stop position wherebythe trigger plate 382 and hence the rod 384 carried thereby are pivotedinto the path of movement of patties as seen in FIG. 18.

The spring 388 is in the form of a torsion spring and has opposite endportions engaging the top surface of the plate 382 and the block 358respectively. The spring 388 is adapted to be at least partiallyoverridden to allow movement of patties past its associated gate and,after a predetermined number of patties (three in this example) isreceived between an immediately adjacent pair of gates 348 the lastpatty 12 operates the trigger 372 causing same to override the spring388 and actuate the stop 370. As each patty 12 moves against a gate 348it engages the trigger 372 thereof, as shown at 390, moving same to thedotted line position shown at 392 and allowing movement of such pattybeyond the gate, provided there is sufficient space for movementdownstream of such gate. However, once the required number of patties 12is disposed between immediately adjacent gates, the last patty (thirdpatty in this example) cannot go any further because it is held againstmovement by the other two patties downstream thereof. The lasty patty 12actuates the trigger 372, as shown at 393 in FIG. 19, by obstructingdownward movement thereof causing spring 388 to be overridden andcausing stop 370 to be pivoted to its stop position, as shown by thearrow 394. Once the stop 370 is in its stop position, a leading patty 12shown at 395 engages such stop and becomes the first of another set ofthree patties disposed between immediately adjacent gates 348.

Referring again to FIG. 17, it is seen that the trigger 372 of the gate348 has an L-shaped actuating member 396 which has one end portion 398which in this example is slightly curved and fixed to the trigger plate382 and an opposite end portion 400 which is adapted to engage andactuate the stop 370. The end portion 400 is adapted to be receivedwithin a U-shaped member 402 which has the terminal ends of its parallellegs fixed to the top surface of the stop 370. End portion 400 isreceived within the opening defined by the U shape.

As mentioned earlier, the gate 348 utilizes a shaft 374 and such shafthas a pair of roller mechanisms, each designated generally by the samereference numeral 406, supported thereby at its opposite end. Eachroller mechanism 406 consists of a flanged roller 408 and a pair ofwasher-like axial retainers 410 supported by the shaft 374 on oppositesides of each roller 408. The roller mechanisms 406 operate against thetop surface of each patty, at opposite sides thereof, as shown in FIG.21 to apply pressure thereagainst as each patty is moved therebeneath.The application of pressure is illustrated schematically by the arrows409 in FIG. 21 of the drawings; and, the vertical spacing 410 betweentop O-ring belts 411 and bottom O-ring belts 412 of the moving means 336and the construction and arrangement of the roller mechanisms 406 assureadequate pressure on patties 12 to assure efficient movement thereofthrough the accumulator 300. The construction, arrangement, andoperation of the belts 411 and 412 will be described in more detailsubsequently.

The gate 348 also comprises a limit member 414 which is best shown inFIGS. 17-19. The member 414 is fixed to the stop 370 and limits theextent or amount that the stop can move into its stop position. Toaccomplish this, the member 414 has an end portion 415 which engages theblock 358.

As previously mentioned the accumulator 300 has moving means 336 formoving articles therethrough and such moving means is of uniqueconstruction and comprises means for engaging top and bottom surfaces ofthe articles or patties 12 and sandwiching same therebetween. The movingmeans 336 comprises belt means and such belt means comprises thepreviously mentioned top O-ring belts 411 and bottom O-ring belts 412.The top belts 411 consist of two belts engaging the top surfaces of thepatties 12 and the bottom belts 412 consist of four belts engaging thebottom surfaces of the patties 12, and as best seen in FIG. 21.

Each of the plurality of endless belts 411 and 412 of this exemplaryembodiment is a so-called O-ring belt, as previously mentioned, wherebyeach belt has a circular cross-sectional configuration. In addition,each belt has a maximum dimension perpendicular to its longitudinal axiswhich is a small fractional part of the surface dimension of thearticles or patties 12 to be engaged by the belts 411-412. With thisconstruction, each patty 12 has an exposed unsupported top surfaceportion 418, of substantial dimension, between the two belts 411engaging the top surface of the patty. Similarly, each patty 12 hasexposed unsupported bottom surface portions, shown typically at 420,between the belts 412 engaging the bottom surface of the patty 12. Eachendless belt 411-412 may be made using any suitable means and methodknown in the art and each may be suitably reinforced with a plurality ofturns of reinforcing cord centrally embedded therein.

Referring now to FIG. 21 of the drawings, the patties 12 aresubstantially circular and a diametral cross-sectional dimension of eachbelt 411-412 is a small fractional part of the diameter of a typicalpatty 12.

In this example of the invention a plurality of two endless belts 411are provided for engaging the top surfaces of the patties 12 associatedwith each chain conveyor 346. The belts 411 associated with each chainconveyor 346 are operated around gooved pulleys 422 at their oppositeends and intermediate idler pulleys 424, as best seen in FIG. 15.Similarly, four belts 412 are provided in association with each conveyor346 for engaging and supporting the bottom surfaces of the patties 12.The four belts 412 associated with each chain conveyor 346 have pulleys426 at their opposite ends and intermediate idler pulleys 428. Only arepresentative few of the pulleys are designated by the appropriatereference numeral 428. It will also be appreciated that in someapplications, a different number of O-ring belts may be provided inassociation with the top and bottom surfaces of the patties, as desired.

As previously described in connection with the description of theunscrambler portion 302 of the apparatus and the presentation of FIG.13, the bottom belts 102 and 104 and side belts 106 and 108 are drivenby means of a drive shaft 304. The drive shaft 304 is driven by motorand gear box assembly 430 through a chain and sprocket drive assembly432. The shaft 304 also has an extension 434, which extends in adirection away from the unscrambler portion 302, and drives anotherdrive assembly 436. The drive assembly 436 drives the upper belts of theaccumulator feed device 310 by driving a shaft 438 operativelyassociated with such upper belts.

The shaft 438 has an extension 439 which drives a chain and sprocketdrive assembly 440 which in turn drives another chain and sprocket driveassembly 442 through a shaft 443. The assembly 442 drives a pair ofcooperating gears 444 and one of the gears of such pair has a shaft 446extending therefrom which drives the grooved pulleys or sheaves 422 atthe upstream end of the accumulator 300 to thereby drive the top belts411.

The shaft 443 which is common to assemblies 440 and 442 has an extension448 which extends toward the accumulator 300. The extension shaft 448 isoperatively connected to one of the lower pulleys 428 and thereby drivesthe lower belts 412.

Thus it is seen that the moving means 336 for the patties 12 consists ofbelts 411 and 412 which are basically driven from the same drive throughappropriate mechanical connections. The belts 411-412 are driven andoperated at a comparatively high speed, as previously mentioned, so thatas the patties 12 enter the accumulator 300 the belts 411 and 412 movesuch patties at high speed, except as otherwise controlled by the gatemeans 338 in a precise manner. The gate means 338 and in particular thegates 348 thereof are independently driven or operated; and, themovement of the gates is provided by the drive assembly 352, aspreviously mentioned.

The drive assembly 352 consists of a drive motor 450 which operates adrive assembly 452 through a clutch 454 which is, in essence, aso-called one revolution clutch, i.e., upon energizing the motor 450 theclutch 454 operates one revolution and stops. The one revolution of theclutch 454 results in movement of gates 348 a rectilinear or linealdistance equal to the gate pitch 350 so that a particular gate 348,which will be referred to as an exit gate, being temporarily held by thecam structure 354 is moved away therefrom and the clutch 454 assuresthat the extent of movement of each chain conveyor 346 is such that thenext gate 348 is moved and brought into engagement with the camstructure 354. The cam structure 354 has suitable surface means whichengage the trigger 372 of each gate 348 as it is moved thereagainst. Aseach gate 348 is indexed away from the cam structure 354 the trigger 372is released and the three patties 12 upstream thereof are moved in anefficient manner out of accumulator 300 onto the collection device 340.

The drive 352 for the gate means 338 is also operatively connectedthrough a pair of gears as shown at 456 and a chain and sprocketassembly 458 to a driven shaft 460. The drive shaft 460 serves to rotatethe supply roll 345 in the desired manner to assure that paper 344 isalways present on the collection device 340 to support patties 12 beingdischarged from the accumulator 300.

Thus, it is seen that the accumulator 300 receives patties 12 in tworows in this example of the invention. The accumulator has moving means336 for moving the patties therethrough and the moving means generallyoperates so that the articles are moved in a comparatively high speedmanner when compared with the speed that the gates 348 are moved. Theaccumulator 300 of this example has gate means 338 comprised of two setsof gates with each set having an associated sprocket chain 346 and gates348 detachably fastened thereto. The sprockets 346 and hence the gates348 associated therewith are driven by gate drive 352 in an indexing andcomparatively lower speed than the movement imparted to the patties 12by the moving means 336. As previously explained the moving means 336moves patties 12 rapidly in position against the gates 348 and the gatesprovide their controlling spacing function in a precise manner. Further,the gates 348 are driven so as to allow movement onto the collectiondevice 340 once the gating function has been completed. The operation ofthe collection device 340 was described previously.

In this disclosure of the invention the gates 348 are suitably spacedwith a gate pitch 350 therebetween so that a plurality of three patties12 are controlled by the gates in the manner previously described.However, it is to be understood that any desired number of patties maybe controlled by a pair of immediately adjacent gates by preciselycontrolling the gate pitch 350. Thus, a single patty 12 may becontrolled by the gates 348 associated with a particular chain conveyor346 or any desired plurality of patties 12, other than three, may becontrolled by the gates 348.

In this disclosure of the invention the various electrical lines,connections, controls, supports, and the like for the various motors,drives, etc. have not been illustrated. However, it is to be understoodthat these items would be provided, as desired, and would beconstructed, arranged, and operated in any suitable manner known in theart.

The various drive motors used in the apparatus disclosed herein may beelectric drive motors or such drive motors may be pneumatic or hydraulicmotors which, in turn, may be electrically driven.

Each chain conveyor 346 has toothed sprocket wheels or sprockets 464 atopposite ends thereof and the toothed sprockets may be of any suitablesize and may be readily removed and replaced on their shafts 451.Further, in order to control the movement of the gate means 338 in aprecise manner not only is it feasible to control the drive means forthe driven shaft 451 but it is also feasible to provide support blocks466 for each shaft 451 which have suitable means which enable easyremoval of the shaft 451 and thereby enable changing sprockets 464 toprovide those of desired size.

As each chain conveyor 346 moves its gates 348 into position foroperative association with patties 12 at the upstream end of theaccumulator 300 there is a tendency for the rod 384 of the trigger 372to stab a patty 12 which it might come in contact with and as shown at468 in FIG. 16. To preclude this possibility a suitable cam device 470is provided at the upstream end of each chain conveyor 346 which servesto hold the associated gates 348 approximately horizontal as theyapproach the patties 12 to preclude the stabbing action. The cam device470 has suitable cooperating surfaces which engage the surfaces of eachgate 348 to preclude the above-mentioned stabbing action.

In this modification of the apparatus 10 of the invention, theaccumulator 300 is shown provided with means for handling two rows ofpatties 12. However, it is to be understood that the accumulator 300 maybe modified to handle a single row or any desired plurality of rows.

In the modification of FIGS. 13-21 provision has been made for anaccumulator feed device 310. However, it is to be understood that thefeed device 310 need not necessarily be provided or provided as showninasmuch as patties 12 may be fed directly into the main portion of theaccumulator 300 by appropriate structure other than the structureillustrated.

The gates 348 illustrated and described herein are held by associatedslide rails 360 in the manner previously described. It will beappreciated that the slide rails 360 are positioned and suitablysupported in a precise manner on the accumulator 300. In addition, theprecise placement of the slide rails together with the roller assemblies406 assure that the patties 12 are moved through the accumulator withprecision and while applying the desired pressure on each patty as itpasses under or comes into operative association with each gate 348.

The utilization of the gates 348 in the manner described herein enablesthe handling of not only any desired number of patties to provide aprecise gating action but the patties or similar articles may varysubstantially in size without adversely affecting the operation of theoverall apparatus 10 and accumulator 300. The accumulator 300 functionsas a collater and a device for discharging articles or patties from theoverall apparatus.

The accumulator 300 of this modification of the invention assures thatshingling of patties is avoided. Further, excessive pressure on thepatties or similar products during handling is also avoided and eventhough the patties 12 are hard frozen the avoidance of excessivepressure enables a wide variety of products to be handled including nonfood items or softer food patties.

The accumulator 300 of this embodiment may be considered a quick changetooling station for products being processed. It is readily possible tochange from one product to another product of different size and shapeby making appropriate changes in the accumulator within a time frame ofroughly thirty minutes.

Reference is made in this disclosure of the invention to the handling offood articles in the form of frozen hamburger patties of circular crosssection. However, it is to be understood that the articles need notnecessarily be frozen and further that the articles may be of any shapeand may consist of other food products such as chicken patties whethercircular or oval in shape, sausage patties, and the like. Further, aspreviously suggested, the apparatus of this invention need notnecessarily be utilized to handle food items although it is preferablyused for this purpose.

Terms such as top, end, upper, lower, and the like have been usedthroughout this disclosure for ease of presentation and to describe theconstruction and arrangement of components as illustrated in thedrawings. However, it is to be understood that these terms are not to beconsidered limiting in any way.

While the invention has been described in conjunction with variousspecific embodiments and modifications, it is evident that manyalternatives, modifications, and variations will be apparent to thoseskilled in the art, in light of the foregoing description. Accordingly,it is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications, andvariations as fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. In an apparatus for arranging randomly orientedarticles of roughly equal size in a predetermined pattern comprising;means for receiving said articles and disposing same in at least onesubstantially rectilinear row and in a single layer thereof; anaccumulator for receiving said articles from said row; said accumulatorhaving moving means for moving said articles therethrough andcooperating gate means for controlling the articles moved through saidaccumulator; said moving means and gate means being independentlydriven; and a collection device for collecting said articles from saidaccumulator; the improvement wherein said gate means comprises; amechanism supported for movement in an endless path; said mechanismbeing disposed above at least a portion of said accumulator; a pluralityof gates carried by said mechanism in spaced relation with a particularpitch between immediately adjacent gates establishing a predeterminednumber of said articles therebetween; means for serially indexing saidmechanism a distance equal to said pitch to thereby move a gate disposedimmediately adjacent said collection device and thus allow movement ofthe predetermined number of articles immediately upstream of saidimmediately adjacent gate out of said accumulator to said collectiondevice; and a cam structure immediately upstream of said collectiondevice, said cam structure being adapted to actuate each of said gatesupon movement thereof thereagainst, each of said gates comprising meansenabling movement of articles therepast and also providing a gatingaction upon being actuated by said cam structure or by a particulararticle, said gate action by a particular article being defined by thelast article of said predetermined number of articles actuating the gateit has just moved past, said gating action serving to prevent movementpast its associated gate of the next article upstream thereof, and saidmeans for indexing said mechanism said distance equal to said pitchoperating to move an exit gate engaged by said cam structure awaytherefrom and thereby allow movement of the predetermined number ofarticles immediately upstream of said exit gate out of said accumulatorto said collection device.
 2. An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 inwhich said moving means cooperates with said gate means and said movingmeans serves to move said articles through said accumulator and to saidcollection device during indexing of said mechanism.
 3. An apparatus asset forth in claim 2 in which said mechanism is in the form of anendless conveyor having said gates detachably fastened thereto in spacedrelation.
 4. An apparatus as set forth in claim 3 in which said endlessconveyor is a chain conveyor.
 5. An apparatus as set forth in claim 2 inwhich each of said gates comprises a support block fastened to saidchain conveyor, a bracket detachably fastened to said support block, astop for stopping movement of said articles therepast upon actuationthereof, a trigger for actuating said stop, and means supporting saidstop and trigger on said bracket for pivoting movements, said triggerbeing adapted to be operated by said last article of said predeterminednumber of articles and by said cam structure.
 6. An apparatus as setforth in claim 5 in which said trigger comprises a trigger plate and anextension rod extending beyond an outer edge of said trigger plate, saidrod assuring engagement of said last article of said predeterminednumber of articles even when said articles vary in size.
 7. An apparatusas set forth in claim 6 in which said rod has an inner end portion fixedto a top surface of said trigger plate and an arcuate outer end whichcurves away from said trigger plate with said trigger plate engaging anarticle.
 8. An apparatus as set forth in claim 6 in which said meanssupporting said top and trigger comprises a common shaft supporting saidstop and trigger for said pivoting movements and said gate furthercomprising, a spring acting between said bracket and said trigger plateand normally yieldingly urging said trigger plate in the path ofmovement of said articles, said spring being at least partiallyoverridden to allow movement of articles therepast and after saidpredetermined number of articles is received between an immediatelyadjacent pair of gates, and said last article of said predeterminednumber of articles operates said trigger causing same to actuate saidstop.
 9. An apparatus as set forth in claim 8 in which said triggercomprises an actuating member having one end portion fixed to saidtrigger plate and an opposite end portion which is adapted to engage andactuate said stop.
 10. An apparatus as set forth in claim 9 and furthercomprising a limit member fixed to said stop which limits the extentthat said stop can move.
 11. An apparatus as set forth in claim 8 inwhich said common shaft has a pair of roller mechanisms at its oppositeends which are adapted to apply pressure to each article which movestherebeneath.
 12. In a method of making an apparatus for arrangingrandomly oriented articles of roughly equal size in a predeterminedpattern comprising the steps of; providing means for receiving saidarticles and disposing same in at least one substantially rectilinearrow and in a single layer thereof; providing an accumulator forreceiving said articles from said row; said step of providing anaccumulator comprising the steps of providing moving means for movingsaid articles through an accumulator and providing cooperating gatemeans for controlling the articles moved through said accumulator;driving said moving means and gate means using independent means; anddisposing a collection device for collecting said articles from saidaccumulator downstream thereof; the improvement in said method whereinsaid step of providing gate means comprises; providing a mechanism andsupporting same for movement in an endless path while disposing saidmechanism above at least a portion of said accumulator; detachablyfastening a plurality of gates on said mechanism in spaced relation witha particular pitch between immediately adjacent gates therebyestablishing a predetermined number of said articles therebetween;providing means for serially indexing said mechanism a distance equal tosaid pitch to thereby move a gate disposed immediately adjacent saidcollection device and thus allow movement of the predetermined number ofarticles immediately upstream of said immediately adjacent gate out ofsaid accumulator to said collection device; and providing a camstructure immediately upstream of said collection device, said camstructure being adapted to actuate each of said gates upon movementthereof thereagainst, each of said gates comprising means enablingmovement of articles therepast and also providing a gating action uponbeing actuated by said cam structure or by a particular article, saidgating action by a particular article being defined by the last articleof said predetermined number of articles actuating the gate it has justmoved past, said gating action serving to prevent movement past itsassociated gate of the next article upstream thereof, and said meansprovided for indexing said mechanism said distance equal to said pitchoperating to move an exit gate engaged by said cam structure awaytherefrom and thereby allow movement of the predetermined number ofarticles immediately upstream of said exit gate out of said accumulatorto said collection device.
 13. A method as set forth in claim 12 inwhich said step of providing moving means comprises providing movingmeans which cooperates with said gate means, said moving means servingto move said articles through said accumulator and to said collectiondevice during indexing of said mechanism.
 14. A method as set forth inclaim 13 in which said step of providing said mechanism comprisesproviding said mechanism in the form of an endless chain conveyor havingsaid gates detachably fastened thereto in equally spaced relation.
 15. Amethod as set forth in claim 14 in which said step of providing movingmeans comprises providing moving means which engages top and bottomsurfaces of said articles sandwiching same therebetween, said movingmeans serving to move said articles to said collection device.
 16. Amethod as set forth in claim 15 in which said step of providing movingmeans comprises providing belt means defined by a plurality of spacedapart endless belts each of circular cross section engaging said topsurfaces and a plurality of spaced apart endless belts each also ofcircular cross section engaging said bottom surfaces.